Elements of art:
shape
-the two-dimensional representation of an object or idea.
space
-the use of space and room in a piece of art. This is also inclusive of negative space.
line
- the movement of dots. In art we say there is no line in nature; it’s only a color difference. There are three types of line:
1. Actual line: It is form of line drawn by pen, pencil or color etc, it may be straight or curved
2. Implied line: It is not a proper line but helps eye to travel along the art piece. e.g. dotted line on road
3. Psychic line: This form of line has no physical value it is a psychologically created line e.g. when we are pointing something out, our eye travels from our hand to that object as if on a line.
form
-the three-dimensional counterpart to shape. There are two types of form. Illusionary form is the form created through use of concepts such as perspective in order to show form on a two dimensional work, whereas real form is the form seen in sculpture and other three dimensional art.
texture
- can be either real or perceived. Real texture is how a work of art actually feels, while perceived texture is how an artwork appears to feel.value
- value describes the lightness or darkness of a color. It is also referred to as tone and can make an object look three-dimensional. Value is often the single most important element in paintings and drawings that allow us to see forms. In other words, it is value and the changing values in pictures that make us see not just shapes, but 3-D looking forms…Implied Forms.
colour
-produced by rays of light on different wavelengths.
The three primary colours are red, yellow, and blue, and the three secondary colours are orange, green and violet. Mixing primary colours produces secondary colours: red + yellow = orange; red + blue = violet; yellow + blue = green. Tertiary colours are created by mixing secondary colours.
Mixing different amounts of a colour changes the hue (lightness or darkness). Contrast is created by the degree of difference between colours or tones in a piece of artwork.
Complementary colours are the pairs of colours opposite each other on the colour wheel.
Principles of art:
balance
- arranging elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or seems heavier than any other part. Two different kinds of balance are symmetrical and asymmetrical. Symmetrical (or formal) balance is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be the same. The human body is an example of symmetrical balance.contrast
- to show difference and diversity in an artwork by combining elements to create interest. Contrast is to provide an artwork with something interesting to break the repetitions.
emphasis
- also called focal point; where the focus is concentrated through design principles or meaning. To do this one develops points of interest to pull the viewer’s eye to important parts of the body of the work. It is to make one part of an artwork dominant over the other parts. It makes an element or object in a work stand out. To use emphasis in an artwork is to attract the viewer’s eyes to a place of special importance in an artwork pattern.
movement
- creating the illusion of action or physical change in position. It is leading viewers to sense action, or alternatively, the path the viewer’s eye follows throughout a artwork. Movement is used in art to give the feeling of action and to guide the viewer’s eyes throughout the artwork.
pattern
- pattern and rhythm is showing consistency with colors or lines. Putting a red spiral at the bottom left and top right, for example will cause the eye to move from one spiral, to the other, and everything in between. It is indicating movement by the repetition of elements. Rhythm can make an artwork seem active.
LESSON PLANS
http://www.hsv.k12.al.us/schools/art/dixon/lesson.htm#Elements%20and%20Principles%20Lesson%20Plans
